Omnye umntu ubuze umyili wendlu: yeyiphi onokuthi uyitshintshe ukuba ungathanda ukutshintsha umoya wegumbi ngokutshintsha ifnicharitha enye kuphela?Umyili uyaphendula: izitulo
USihlalo wePanton, ngo-1960
Umyili |Verner Panton
Usihlalo wePanton lolona yilo ludumileyo lukaVerner Panton, umyili weDanish onempembelelo, othanda ukuzama imibala kunye nezixhobo.Sikhuthazwa ziibhakethi zeplastiki ezipakishweyo, esi situlo saseDanish, esenziwe ngo-1960, sisitulo sokuqala seplastiki ehlabathini esenziwe kwisiqwenga esinye.Ukususela ekukhawulweni, ukuyila, uphando kunye nophuhliso, ukuya kwimveliso yobuninzi, yiyoithathe phantse iminyaka eli-12, ibhukuqa kakhulu.
Ubukhulu bePanton buxhomekeke ekubeni wayecinga ukusebenzisa iimpawu zeplastiki, e-elastic kunye ne-malleable.Ke ngoko, isitulo sePanton asidingi kuhlanganiswa njengezinye izitulo, kwaye isitulo sonke siyinxalenye nje, zonke zenziwe ngezinto ezifanayo.Oku kukwabonakalisa ukuba uyilo lwesitulo lungene kwinqanaba elitsha.Imibala etyebileyo kunye noyilo oluhle lokumila lwenza ukuba isitulo sonke sibonakale silula kodwa singabilula, ke ngoko, isitulo sePanton sikwanodumo "lwesona situlo sinomtsalane emhlabeni".
Isitulo sikaPanton sinefashoni kunye nenkangeleko yesisa, kunye nohlobo lokutyibilika kunye nomgca ondilisekileyo wobuhle, ubutofotofo kunye nobukhazikhazi bawo buhambelana nomzimba womntu kakuhle, zonke ezi zenza ukuba isitulo sePanton sibe yinkqubela phambili yenguqu kwimbali yefenitshala yanamhlanje.
Ezinikele ekuceleni umngeni isiko, uPanton uhlala emba izinto ezintsha kunye nobuchule.Imisebenzi kaMnu. Panton ityebile ngemibala, iimilo ezimangalisayo kwaye igcwele ingqiqo yekamva, kwaye inombono obanzi wokudala, imilo kunye nokusetyenziswa kombala.Ke ngoko, waziwa ngokuba "ngoyena myili wendalo kwinkulungwane yama-20".
BomboSisixhobo
Umyili |UStefano Giovannoni
Abanye abantu bathi uyilo lukaGiovannoni lunohlobo lokutsala umdla, uyilo lwakhe lusemhlabeni wonke, lunokubonwa kuyo yonke indawo, kwaye lungena ngaphakathi, luguqula ubomi babantu, ngaloo ndlela, uyaziwa ngokuba "ngumyili wobuncwane belizwe laseNtaliyane".
Usihlalo weBombo ngomnye wemisebenzi yakhe eyaziwa ngokubanzi, ethandwa kakhulu kangangokuba iye yakhutshelwa kwihlabathi liphela.Imigca enamandla kunye nengqukuva, imilo yeglasi ye-cocktail, iimpawu ezicacileyo zisezinkumbulo ezitsha ezingqondweni zabantu.UStefano Giovannoni naye usebenzisa ifilosofi yakhe yoyilo: "iimveliso ziinkumbulo zeemvakalelo kunye nobomi".
U-Giovannoni ukholelwa ukuba uyilo lokwenyani luchukumisa intliziyo, kufuneka lukwazi ukuvakalisa iimvakalelo, ukukhumbula iinkumbulo kunye nokumangalisa abantu.Umyili kufuneka abonakalise umhlaba wakhe wokomoya ngemisebenzi yakhe, kwaye bendizama ukunxibelelana neli hlabathi ngoyilo lwam.
"Iminqweno kunye neemfuno zabathengi ngabazali bempembelelo yethu yoyilo".
"Ixabiso lam alikho nje ukunika ihlabathi isitulo esikhulu okanye isitya esimangalisayo seziqhamo, kodwa ukunika abathengi ukuhlafuna ubomi obuxabisekileyo kwisitulo esikhulu."
—— Giovannoni
USihlalo waseBarcelona, ngo-1929
Umyili |Mies van der Rohe
Yenziwe ngumyili waseJamani uMies van der Rohe.UMies van der Rohe wayengumongameli wesithathu we-Bauhaus, kunye nentetho edumileyo kwizangqa zoyilo "Ngaphantsi kuninzi" kwathiwa nguye.
Esi situlo sobukhulu obugqithisileyo sikwachaza ngokucacileyo iwonga elindilekileyo nesindilisekileyo.I-Pavilion yaseJamani kwi-World Expo yayingumsebenzi omele u-Mies, kodwa ngenxa yoyilo olulodwa lokwakheka kwesakhiwo, kwakungekho fenitshala efanelekileyo yokuyifanisa, ngoko ke, kwafuneka ukuba ayile ngokukodwa uSihlalo we-Barcelona ukuba amkele uKumkani noKumkanikazi.
Ixhaswa yi-arc cross shaped steel stainless frame, kunye neepads ezimbini zesikhumba ezixande zenza umphezulu wesihlalo (umqamelo) kunye nomva.Ukuyila kwesi sihlalo se-Barcelona kwabangela ukuvakalelwa ngelo xesha, kwaye isimo saso sasifana nemveliso yokukhulelwa.
Kuba yenzelwe usapho lwasebukhosini, umgangatho wokuthuthuzela ulunge kakhulu.I-lattice yokwenyani yesikhumba umqamelo yenziwe ngokukodwa ngesikhumba sebhokhwe esenziwe ngesandla esigqunywe kwi-foam ephezulu, eyenza ukuba yenze umahluko oqinileyo xa kuthelekiswa nonyawo lwesitulo, kwaye yenza isitulo saseBarcelona sibenembeko kwaye sibe ntle kwaye sibe luphawu lobume. kunye nesidima.Ke, yaziwa ngokuba yiRolex kunye neRoll-Royce phakathi kwezihlalo kwinkulungwane yama-20.
Louis Ghost Chair, ngo-2002
Umyili |UPhilippe Starck
UPhilippe Starck, owaqala ukuyila indawo yangaphakathi yeeklabhu zasebusuku zaseParis, kwaye waduma kwifanitshala kunye nokuhombisa okwenziwe ngeplastiki ecacileyo ebizwa ngokuba yiLucite.
Ukudityaniswa kwale milo yeklasikhi kunye nezinto zanamhlanje ezicacileyo zivumela isitulo somoya ukuba sidityaniswe kuyo nayiphi na indlela yoyilo, njengephiramidi yekristale phambi kweLouvre, exela imbali kwaye ikhanyise ukukhanya kweli xesha.
NgoFebruwari ka-2018, uSihlalo kaLouis Ghost waba “nguSihlalo kaKumkanikazi” ka-Elizabeth II wase-United Kingdom kwiVeki yeFashoni yaseLondon.
USihlalo weDayimani, ngo-1952
Umyili |UHarry Bertoia
Idalwe ngumkroli uHarry Bertoia, yaziwa ngokuba nguSihlalo weDayimane.Kwaye ayibunjwanga njengedayimani kuphela, kodwa ifana nedayimani ukufikelela kwimpumelelo "yeSitulo esinye esihlala ngonaphakade", ibiyeyona nto ithengiswa kakhulu kwisiqingatha senkulungwane yexesha, ayizange iphelelwe lixesha.Ke ngoko, yaziwa ngokuba "yimifanekiso eqingqiweyo" ngabantu.
iifoto zenkqubo yemveliso yesitulo seDayimane
Ulwakhiwo lubonakala luyindalo kwaye lugudileyo, kodwa imveliso idinayo kakhulu.Umgca ngamnye wesinyithi udityaniswe ngesandla, kwaye emva koko u-welding enye nganye ukuze ufikelele kwimiphumo yobuchule kunye nokuzinza.
Kwabaninzi abaqokeleli abayithandayo, uSihlalo weDayimane asikho nje isitulo, kodwa kunye nepropu yokuhlobisa ekhaya.Idityaniswe kwimesh yentsimbi, kwaye inombono oqinileyo womfanekiso oqingqiweyo.Uyilo olungenanto luyenza ifane nomoya kwaye ihlanganiswe ngokugqibeleleyo kwindawo.Ngumsebenzi wobugcisa ogqibeleleyo.
Usihlalo we-Eames Lounge kunye ne-Ottoman, ngo-1956
Umyili |UCharles Eames
Isitulo se-Eames lounge savela kuphando lweplywood ebunjiweyo ngamaqabane ka-Eames, kwaye yayisenzela ukuhlangabezana nemfuno eqhelekileyo yezihlalo zokuphumla eziphezulu kwigumbi lokuhlala labantu.
Isitulo se-Eames lounge sadweliswa kolona yilo luGqwesileyo eHlabathini ngo-2003, kwaye kwi-ICFF ngo-2006, ikwayimveliso etsala amehlo kwaye ibengezelayo, kwaye yaphumelela iAcademy Award kwaye yaba sisipho sosuku lokuzalwa lomlawuli wefilimu odumileyo uBilly Wilder. .Ikwayitrone yasekhaya yesuperstar yethu yasekhaya uJay Chou, kwaye ikwayifenitshala kwivilla yomyeni wesizwe uWang Sicong.
Isitulo seButterfly, ngo-1954
Umyili |Sori Yanagi
Isitulo seButterfly sayilwa yinkosi yaseJapan yoyilo lweshishini uSori Yanagi ngo-1956.
Olu luyilo ngomnye wemisebenzi ephumelele kakhulu kaSori Yanagi.Luphawu lweemveliso zemizi-mveliso zaseJapan zanamhlanje, kodwa kwakhona luyilo olumele ukuxubana kweenkcubeko zaseMpuma naseNtshona.
Isitulo sebhabhathane esimele iJapan.Ukususela ekukhululweni kwayo ngo-1956, iye yanconywa kakhulu eJapan nakwamanye amazwe, kwaye ibe yingqokelela esisigxina ye-MOMA eNew York kunye neZiko lePompidou eParis.
UMnu Sori wadibana noMnu. Kanzaburo kwiziko lemithi e-Sendai ngelo xesha kwaye waqala ukuphanda ngeplywood yokubumba.Le ndawo ngoku yangaphambili yeTiantong woodworking.
Umyili odityanisiweyo wokusebenza kunye nomsebenzi wezandla wesintu kule plywood ibunjiweyo yeSitulo seButterfly, iyodwa ngenene.Ayithathi naluphi na uhlobo lwaseNtshona, kwaye ugxininiso kwiinkozo zokhuni lubonisa ukhetho lwendabuko lwaseJapan kwizinto zendalo.
Ngo-1957, isitulo seButterfly saphumelela imbasa edumileyo ye-"Golden Compass" kuKhuphiswano loYilo lweMilan Triennial, nolona luyilo lokuqala lwemveliso yaseJapan kwinkalo yoyilo lwamazwe ngamazwe.
I-Tiantong woodworking yazisa i-plywood yokwenza itekhnoloji yokusika iinkuni zibe ziziqwenga ezicekethekileyo.Itekhnoloji yoxinzelelo lwesixhobo sokugaya kunye nokubumba okushushu yayiyeyona ndlela iphambili yobugcisa boshishino ngelo xesha, eyaphucula kakhulu iimpawu zokhuni kunye nophuhliso lweefom zefenitshala.
Ukulungiswa ngabafowunelwa abathathu besibiyeli sobhedu, kwaye ubuchule obugqwesileyo nobulula bubonisa i-aesthetics yaseMpuma ye-minimalist ngokukhawuleza nangokucacileyo, kwaye idlulisa umphumo wokukhanya, ubuhle kunye ne-chic njengebhabhathane, ephula inkqubo yokwakhiwa kwefenitshala yangaphambili.
USihlalo weShell onemilenze emi-3, ngo-1963
Umyili |Hans J · Wegner
Wegner wathi: "Kwanele ukuyila isihlalo esinye esihle ebomini bomntu ... Kodwa ngokwenene kunzima kakhulu".Kodwa yayikukuzingisa kwakhe ekwenzeni isitulo esigqibeleleyo okwamkhokelela ekubeni anikele ubomi bakhe bonke ekuyileni izitulo waza waqokelela imisebenzi engaphezu kwama-500.
Ezi ndlela ze-2 zokuphulwa komthetho ngokukhutshwa kweengalo kunye nokwandiswa kwendawo yesitulo kunika indawo ebanzi yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala ngokukhululekile.Iziphelo ezibini ezijijekileyo ziya kuthotyelwa ngokunzulu abantu kulo kwaye zinike abantu imvakalelo enkulu yokhuseleko entliziyweni.
Esi situlo sakudala sakwaShell asenzekanga nje ngobusuku.Xa yayiboniswa kuMboniso wefanitshala yaseCopenhagen ngo-1963, yafumana uphononongo oluhle kodwa akukho myalelo wokuthenga njengoko imveliso yayekwa emva kwexesha elithile emva komboniso.Ukuza kuthi ga ngo-1997, ngenkqubela phambili yezobuchwephesha, iifektri ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe obutsha ziyakwazi ukulawula iindleko zemveliso kakuhle kakhulu, esi situlo sakwaShell saphinda savela emehlweni abantu, kwaye saphumelela iimbasa ezininzi zokuyila kunye nabathengi.
Le mveliso iyilwe nguWegner osebenzise izibonelelo zeplywood ngokugqithisileyo, sebenzisa izinto ezintathu kuphela, ke, yayiligama elithi "isitulo esinemilenze emithathu".Ukucutshungulwa komthi ngokucinezela ngomphunga ukunika isihlalo igophe elihle elijongeka njengoncumo.
Isitulo samaqokobhe esinemilenze emithathu sithiywe igama elithi "Smile Chair" ngenxa yegophe laso elihle, elifana noncumo olufudumeleyo.Ubuso bayo obunoncumo bubonisa isiphumo esisodwa esinemigangatho emithathu egobileyo, njengokukhanya kunye nephiko eligudileyo elijinga emoyeni.Esi situlo samaqokobhe sinemibala etyebileyo, kwaye iigophe zayo ezintle ziyenza ibe ngu-360° ngaphandle kweekona ezifileyo.
Isitulo samaqanda, ngo-1958
Umyili |Arne Jacobsen
Esi situlo se-Egg, esibonakala rhoqo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuzonwabisa, yinkosi yoyilo lwefanitshala yaseDanish-Jacobsen.Esi situlo seqanda siphefumlelwe sisitulo sesibeleko, kodwa amandla okusonga awaqinanga njengesihlalo se-uterus kwaye abanzi ngakumbi.
Yadalwa ngo-1958 kwindawo yokwamkela kunye nendawo yolwamkelo yeRoyal Hotel eCopenhagen, esi situlo se-Egg ngumsebenzi omele woyilo lwefanitshala yaseDanish ngoku.Njengesitulo sesibeleko, esi situlo seqanda sisitulo esifanelekileyo sokuphumla.Kwaye intle kakhulu kwaye intle ngelixa isetyenziselwa ukuhombisa.
USihlalo we-Swan, ngo-1958
Umyili |Arne Jacobsen
I-Swan Chair yifanitshala yakudala eyilwe nguJacobson yeRoyal Hotel yaseScandinavia Airlines kumbindi weCopenhagen ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1950.Uyilo lukaJacobson lunefomu eyomeleleyo yesculptural kunye nolwimi lwe-organic modeling, ludibanisa ukubunjwa kwasimahla kunye nokugudileyo kwemifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye neempawu zemveli zoyilo lweNordic kwaye zenza umsebenzi ube ngowakho zombini iimpawu zokuthungwa okungaqhelekanga kunye nesakhiwo esipheleleyo.
Uyilo olunjalo lwakudala lusenomtsalane omangalisayo namhlanje.Isitulo se-Swan sisimbonakaliso sobomi obusefashonini kunye nencasa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-16-2022